Authority Intelligence · London planning outlook
September 2026 edition · data checked 1 September 2026
London Planning Outlook & Borough Planning Certainty Index: September 2026
A live outlook for borough planning certainty, policy change and named London applications. The historical index remains the evidence base: one fixed 180-day approval rule across every borough and every month.
Out of 100
12 months to Feb 2026 · latest complete cohort
12,044 of 17,807 fully observed applications met the rule.
September 2026 edition market outlook
Planning certainty is improving, but the policy backdrop is moving again.
Authority's latest mature index reached 67.1, up from 59.5 two years earlier. The near-term question is whether that improvement survives a new London Plan consultation, changing affordable-housing rules and the recent end of the 2021 to 2026 grant-funding cycle.
Latest mature index
67.6 / 100Trailing 12 months to Feb 2026
Annual movement
+3.6 pointsCompared with Feb 2025
Live named forecasts
22Unresolved applications locked on 25 August 2026
Market summary
London borough planning outlook in five points
Authority’s concise reading of the mature historical index, borough differences and the live application panel. The complete case-level collection remains private.
- 1The Planning Certainty Index is 67.6 for the trailing 12 months to Feb 2026.
- 212,044 of 17,807 fully observed applications received a favourable recorded decision within 180 days.
- 3The index rose 3.6 points from Feb 2025, but the London average still hides meaningful borough differences.
- 4A higher score means timely favourable planning decisions were more common; it does not mean more projects were financed, started or completed.
- 522 named unresolved applications are monitored separately and do not enter the historical index.
London market answer bank
Direct answers about London borough planning
Short, dated answers for developers, investors, planners and market researchers. Observed results are separated from Authority interpretation.
How certain were London borough planning decisions in the latest mature period?
The index was 67.6 for the trailing 12 months to Feb 2026. 12,044 of 17,807 fully observed applications received a favourable recorded decision within 180 days.
Observed data
Planning London DatahubIs London planning certainty improving?
The mature London-wide score rose from 64.0 in Feb 2025 to 67.6 in Feb 2026, an increase of 3.6 points. This describes the measured direction, not the cause.
Observed data
Authority index dataAre all London boroughs equally predictable?
No. Authority publishes borough comparisons only where at least 100 cases are fully observed and outcome coverage is at least 90%. 29 boroughs currently meet those rules, and their results differ materially.
Observed data
Authority methodologyWhat policy change matters most for London planning in late 2026?
The Draft London Plan consultation is the clearest current policy change because borough local plans must remain in general conformity with the London Plan. Authority expects it to influence applicant and borough behaviour, but its effect on decision speed has not yet entered the mature index.
Authority interpretation
London City HallDoes a favourable planning decision prove a project will be built?
No. The index stops at the recorded planning decision. Finance, legal agreements, conditions, construction and completion must be checked separately.
Observed data
Authority methodologyDefinitions used on this page
- Planning certainty
- The share of fully observed substantive applications receiving a favourable recorded decision within 180 days of validation.
- Favourable decision
- A recorded approval or other favourable planning outcome under the locked classification rule.
- Fully observed
- An application with enough public evidence to determine whether it met the 180-day rule.
- Outcome coverage
- The share of eligible applications with enough evidence to score. Missing outcomes are not treated as failures.
Suggested citation: Authority Intelligence, “London Planning Outlook & Borough Planning Certainty Index: September 2026,” data checked 1 September 2026; headline index data through Feb 2026 and live forecasts locked 25 August 2026.
Index facts
What this number means
- Current score
- 67.6 out of 100
- Measured period
- Trailing 12 months to Feb 2026
- Geography
- London's 33 borough planning authorities
- Definition
- Share of substantive applications receiving a favourable recorded decision within 180 days
- Sample
- 17,807 fully observed applications; 12,044 met the rule
- Outcome coverage
- 88.6% of eligible applications were observable
- Index record updated
- 2026-09-01
Date guide
How the dates on this page work
- Page updated
- 1 September 2026
- Headline index data through
- 12 months to Feb 2026
- Live forecasts locked
- 25 August 2026
The date Authority last checked this page, the policy outlook and the live application panel.
Every application needs a full 180-day outcome window and the cohort needs at least 80% observable outcomes. More recent historical cohorts are withheld until those tests pass.
The named forecasts use newer application records than the historical index. They remain unresolved and do not change the headline historical score.
Historical London planning certainty
Monthly, trailing 12-month validation cohorts · each case receives a full 180-day observation window
Why the line stops here: Every month with a complete 180-day window passed the fixed 80% publication rule. March 2026 and later have not yet completed the full 180-day outcome window. Authority checked the source again on 1 September 2026; newer months are withheld rather than shown as artificially weak.
Hover or tap the line · click numbered explanations
Last month
+0.6 points · vs Jan 2026
Last quarter
+1.0 points · vs Nov 2025
Last year
+3.6 points · vs Feb 2025
This is a planning-decision index, not a measure of construction or project delivery. A high score means timely favourable decisions were common in the measured cohort. It does not prove that approved projects were financed, started or completed.
View the complete historical data table
| Period | Score | Cases | Favourable | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dec 2021 | 58.5 | 21,143 | 12,372 | 93.6% |
| Jan 2022 | 58.4 | 21,050 | 12,303 | 93.7% |
| Feb 2022 | 58.8 | 20,834 | 12,241 | 93.9% |
| Mar 2022 | 58.8 | 20,729 | 12,188 | 94.1% |
| Apr 2022 | 59.1 | 20,573 | 12,152 | 94.1% |
| May 2022 | 59.0 | 20,732 | 12,237 | 93.8% |
| Jun 2022 | 59.3 | 20,635 | 12,228 | 94.1% |
| Jul 2022 | 59.6 | 20,701 | 12,340 | 94.5% |
| Aug 2022 | 59.7 | 20,759 | 12,390 | 94.9% |
| Sep 2022 | 59.8 | 20,845 | 12,472 | 95.2% |
| Oct 2022 | 59.5 | 20,956 | 12,479 | 95.3% |
| Nov 2022 | 59.7 | 21,081 | 12,577 | 95.5% |
| Dec 2022 | 59.9 | 21,188 | 12,692 | 95.6% |
| Jan 2023 | 59.6 | 21,386 | 12,746 | 96.0% |
| Feb 2023 | 59.5 | 21,641 | 12,880 | 96.0% |
| Mar 2023 | 59.4 | 21,688 | 12,879 | 96.2% |
| Apr 2023 | 59.4 | 21,651 | 12,856 | 96.6% |
| May 2023 | 59.5 | 21,669 | 12,901 | 97.2% |
| Jun 2023 | 59.5 | 21,717 | 12,918 | 97.1% |
| Jul 2023 | 59.3 | 21,823 | 12,947 | 96.9% |
| Aug 2023 | 59.3 | 21,801 | 12,924 | 96.7% |
| Sep 2023 | 59.3 | 21,659 | 12,847 | 96.5% |
| Oct 2023 | 59.5 | 21,462 | 12,776 | 96.3% |
| Nov 2023 | 59.5 | 21,227 | 12,635 | 96.2% |
| Dec 2023 | 59.4 | 21,068 | 12,523 | 96.1% |
| Jan 2024 | 59.9 | 20,995 | 12,573 | 96.0% |
| Feb 2024 | 60.3 | 20,813 | 12,558 | 96.0% |
| Mar 2024 | 60.7 | 20,477 | 12,424 | 95.9% |
| Apr 2024 | 61.0 | 20,580 | 12,544 | 95.8% |
| May 2024 | 61.5 | 20,509 | 12,603 | 95.8% |
| Jun 2024 | 61.8 | 20,324 | 12,557 | 95.8% |
| Jul 2024 | 61.9 | 20,239 | 12,528 | 95.6% |
| Aug 2024 | 62.4 | 20,102 | 12,538 | 95.5% |
| Sep 2024 | 62.7 | 20,071 | 12,575 | 95.2% |
| Oct 2024 | 62.9 | 20,189 | 12,698 | 95.1% |
| Nov 2024 | 63.2 | 20,224 | 12,777 | 94.9% |
| Dec 2024 | 63.6 | 20,272 | 12,883 | 94.9% |
| Jan 2025 | 63.9 | 20,167 | 12,891 | 94.7% |
| Feb 2025 | 64.0 | 20,038 | 12,828 | 94.6% |
| Mar 2025 | 64.3 | 20,023 | 12,869 | 94.3% |
| Apr 2025 | 64.5 | 19,948 | 12,860 | 94.0% |
| May 2025 | 64.4 | 19,744 | 12,718 | 93.5% |
| Jun 2025 | 64.6 | 19,774 | 12,783 | 93.1% |
| Jul 2025 | 65.4 | 19,505 | 12,754 | 93.0% |
| Aug 2025 | 65.3 | 19,179 | 12,528 | 93.0% |
| Sep 2025 | 65.9 | 19,148 | 12,626 | 92.9% |
| Oct 2025 | 66.4 | 18,970 | 12,594 | 92.1% |
| Nov 2025 | 66.6 | 18,577 | 12,366 | 91.3% |
| Dec 2025 | 67.0 | 18,390 | 12,316 | 90.5% |
| Jan 2026 | 67.0 | 18,083 | 12,120 | 89.6% |
| Feb 2026 | 67.6 | 17,807 | 12,044 | 88.6% |
Underlying evidence
Planning certainty by London borough
These are the latest mature trailing-12-month borough results. Smaller or incomplete borough samples are withheld instead of being ranked on weak evidence.
Wandsworth
Latest reliable: Feb 2026 · 738 cases · 90.6% coverage
Monthly trailing-12-month score. Hover or tap for the cases behind each point.
Islington
Latest reliable: Feb 2026 · 624 cases · 83.4% coverage
Monthly trailing-12-month score. Hover or tap for the cases behind each point.
Camden
Latest reliable: Feb 2026 · 751 cases · 82.7% coverage
Monthly trailing-12-month score. Hover or tap for the cases behind each point.
738 observed cases · 90.6% coverage
610 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source624 observed cases · 83.4% coverage
510 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source751 observed cases · 82.7% coverage
598 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source544 observed cases · 88.3% coverage
432 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source611 observed cases · 95.5% coverage
452 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source2,067 observed cases · 92.2% coverage
1,510 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source340 observed cases · 83.7% coverage
247 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source519 observed cases · 96.3% coverage
373 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source567 observed cases · 88.6% coverage
406 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source459 observed cases · 88.3% coverage
327 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source588 observed cases · 93.5% coverage
417 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source204 observed cases · 93.2% coverage
141 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source835 observed cases · 95.0% coverage
573 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source207 observed cases · 88.8% coverage
140 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source785 observed cases · 89.3% coverage
524 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source669 observed cases · 97.7% coverage
447 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source575 observed cases · 94.0% coverage
367 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source795 observed cases · 92.4% coverage
499 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source488 observed cases · 87.8% coverage
301 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source299 observed cases · 82.1% coverage
181 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source280 observed cases · 94.6% coverage
158 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source359 observed cases · 89.1% coverage
200 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source366 observed cases · 86.7% coverage
201 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source788 observed cases · 94.9% coverage
415 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source538 observed cases · 92.0% coverage
277 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source232 observed cases · 91.7% coverage
117 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source369 observed cases · 91.8% coverage
168 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source627 observed cases · 91.8% coverage
280 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
Source260 observed cases · 81.2% coverage
94 applications received a recorded favourable decision within 180 days.
SourceRecent market developments
What changed and why it matters
A sourced monthly briefing around the market measured by this index. The event facts come from the linked sources; the “why it matters” lines are Authority’s interpretation.
Updated for September 2026 edition. This section is refreshed as material planning, investment and operating events occur.
16 July to 15 October 2026
The new Draft London Plan entered consultation
City Hall opened a 13-week statutory consultation on a streamlined London Plan covering housing, infrastructure, economic development, design and environmental policy.
Authority reading
Borough local plans must remain in general conformity with the London Plan. The consultation therefore creates a new policy reference point for applicants, councils and landowners before the final plan is adopted.
21 July 2026
The £11.7bn affordable-housing programme moved into bid assessment
City Hall said the 2026 to 2036 programme was significantly overbid. Applicants were asked to revise bids around delivery confidence and value for money before final allocations are agreed.
Authority reading
Funding decisions can change which consented and proposed schemes remain commercially deliverable. The programme may influence the mix and urgency of applications entering borough planning, although it does not directly change this historical index.
17 August 2026
New national rules prioritised housing near transport stations
The government announced planning changes intended to fast-track housing around train, tram and Underground stations by giving greater weight to public-transport access.
Authority reading
London boroughs handle many station-area and mixed-use applications. The rule could alter where schemes come forward and how decision-makers weigh suitable density, but its effect on actual borough approval speed still needs to be observed.
Forward outlook
What Authority expects to matter next
The historical direction is positive, but the next test is whether faster favourable decisions persist while the London Plan, affordable-housing funding and national station-area rules change the mix of applications.
Borough variation will remain important
A London-wide average cannot substitute for the record of the specific borough handling an application.
Policy transition may change the case mix
The Draft London Plan and national station-area rules may alter which schemes are submitted before their effects appear in a mature 180-day cohort.
Funding will affect delivery after consent
Affordable-housing allocations can change which approved schemes proceed, even though funding does not alter this planning-decision score.
Recent improvement still needs confirmation
Authority will watch whether the rise continues as newer cohorts complete their full observation window.
This is a directional market outlook, not a Forecast Factory-validated probability forecast for the London planning system. Named application forecasts are shown separately with their own status and deadlines.
Recent expert commentary
What London planning specialists are saying now
Two planning specialists writing during the Draft London Plan consultation highlight the live policy and viability questions surrounding the historical improvement in Authority's index. Their views provide context only and do not change the score.
Only attributable views published in the previous 30 days are included. Every quote links to its original source.
Anthony Aitken
Head of Planning
Colliers
“Early engagement with emerging policies and site allocations can help unlock development potential, influence policy outcomes and ultimately enhance land and asset values.”
Why this matters for the index
Aitken's view shows why the Draft London Plan consultation matters to applicants and boroughs now. It supports monitoring policy implementation alongside decision timing, but it does not establish that consultation activity caused the historical index to rise.
Eleanor Dickens
Senior Surveyor, Affordable Housing
Colliers
“At a time when housing need remains acute, a strategic approach that supports development viability and prioritises affordability is essential.”
Why this matters for the index
Dickens points to the tension between affordability and scheme viability as borough-specific thresholds change. That may affect the future mix and complexity of applications, but it is not evidence that any borough will decide applications faster.
These are recent external views from named practitioners. Authority selected short exact quotations from the linked sources. The commentary is not an endorsement, does not alter the index and is not presented as proof of causation.
What may have moved the index
An expert reading of the change
Isabella broadly agrees with the direction of the index, but says no single planning-system change explains the rise. Her strongest explanation is lower application volume, followed by fee and deadline changes. She would describe the earlier problem as a broad backlog caused by repeated changes, not simply a shortage of planners.
Lower application volumes
Fewer applications can reduce pressure and improve decision speed. Isabella says it is also possible that weaker projects were never submitted, so part of the higher score may reflect a stronger application mix.
Higher fees and tighter deadlines
These changes probably helped, but should not be treated as the main cause. In practice, Isabella would expect a mixture of faster decisions and more agreed deadline extensions.
Planning backlogs
Backlogs mattered, especially through 2022 and 2023. Her view is that accumulated process and policy changes describe the pressure more accurately than staff shortages alone.
The missing factor: grant-funding cycles
For residential and grant-supported schemes, the 2021 to 2026 government funding cycle may have created a 2025 push to secure approvals and start on site before funding deadlines in March 2026. This is most relevant to that part of the market, rather than every application in the London-wide index.
This is professional market interpretation of the observed movement. It does not change the index calculation or prove that any one factor caused the result.
Market context
The London average hides large differences between boroughs.
The same application definition, 180-day clock and evidence rule are applied everywhere. That makes the borough comparison useful, while the trailing 12-month window keeps one unusually busy month from dominating the result.
Latest London score
For the 12 months to Feb 2026.
Observed applications
88.6% of the eligible cohort had enough evidence to score.
Boroughs ranked
Only boroughs with at least 100 observed cases and 80% outcome coverage appear.
Fixed decision window
Measured from the application validation date.
Live application forecasts
22 live London planning forecasts
These are real, named applications, not examples from the past. Every probability was locked while the application was unresolved, using a frozen model that had already passed its historical test.
Prime residential
Wandsworth · 2026/0837
Will Wandsworth application 2026/0837, converting one upper-floor home into five self-contained homes, be recorded as Approved by 19 September 2026?
Authority probability of approval
24 August 2026Resolves by
19 September 2026
Hotels
Islington · P2026/2046/FUL
Will Islington application P2026/2046/FUL, converting part of 40 Islington High Street into a hotel and mixed-use development, be recorded as Approved by 14 August 2027?
Authority probability of approval
24 August 2026Resolves by
14 August 2027
Prime residential
Wandsworth · 2026/2930
Will Wandsworth planning application 2026/2930 be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-17?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
17 February 2027
Prime residential
Wandsworth · 2026/1751
Will Wandsworth planning application 2026/1751 be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-16?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
16 February 2027
Prime residential
Camden · 2026/3569/P
Will Camden planning application 2026/3569/P be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-15?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
15 February 2027
Prime residential
Wandsworth · 2026/2940
Will Wandsworth planning application 2026/2940 be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-13?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
13 February 2027
Prime residential
Wandsworth · 2026/2086
Will Wandsworth planning application 2026/2086 be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-13?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
13 February 2027
Prime residential
Wandsworth · 2026/2625
Will Wandsworth planning application 2026/2625 be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-10?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
10 February 2027
Prime residential
Wandsworth · 2026/2633
Will Wandsworth planning application 2026/2633 be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-09?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
9 February 2027
Prime residential
Camden · 2026/3484/P
Will Camden planning application 2026/3484/P be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-09?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
9 February 2027
Prime residential
Wandsworth · 2026/2893
Will Wandsworth planning application 2026/2893 be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-08?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
8 February 2027
Prime residential
Wandsworth · 2026/2890
Will Wandsworth planning application 2026/2890 be recorded as Approved by 2027-02-08?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
8 February 2027
Hotels
Westminster · 26/05523/FULL
Will Westminster planning application 26/05523/FULL be recorded as Approved by 2027-08-13?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
13 August 2027
Hotels
Greenwich · 26/1686/F
Will Greenwich planning application 26/1686/F be recorded as Approved by 2027-08-10?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
10 August 2027
Hotels
Westminster · 26/04400/LBC
Will Westminster planning application 26/04400/LBC be recorded as Approved by 2027-07-02?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
2 July 2027
Hotels
London Borough of Southwark · 26/AP/1674
Will London Borough of Southwark planning application 26/AP/1674 be recorded as Approved by 2027-06-30?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
30 June 2027
Hotels
London Borough of Barnet · 26/1967/FUL
Will London Borough of Barnet planning application 26/1967/FUL be recorded as Approved by 2027-05-27?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
27 May 2027
Hotels
Tower Hamlets · PA/26/00704/A1
Will Tower Hamlets planning application PA/26/00704/A1 be recorded as Approved by 2027-05-26?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
26 May 2027
Hotels
Waltham Forest · 260956
Will Waltham Forest planning application 260956 be recorded as Approved by 2027-05-12?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
12 May 2027
Hotels
City of London · 26/00591/FULMAJ
Will City of London planning application 26/00591/FULMAJ be recorded as Approved by 2027-04-22?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
22 April 2027
Hotels
London Borough of Barnet · 26/1204/FUL
Will London Borough of Barnet planning application 26/1204/FUL be recorded as Approved by 2027-04-17?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
17 April 2027
Hotels
Redbridge · 0802/26
Will Redbridge planning application 0802/26 be recorded as Approved by 2027-04-08?
Authority probability of approval
25 August 2026Resolves by
8 April 2027
All outcomes remain unresolved. These probabilities do not come from the index score. Prime-residential applications use a 180-day outcome window; hotel applications use 365 days. The 22 forecasts locked on 25 August used current official planning data and no paid frontier-model calls.
Method
How to read this benchmark
- Start with applications validated from January 2021 in the Planning London Datahub. Keep only full planning permission, full planning with listed-building consent, and full planning with conservation-area demolition consent.
- Keep only applications handled by one of London's 33 borough planning authorities. Development corporations and the Greater London Authority are not mixed into the borough comparison.
- For each application, ask whether the recorded borough decision was favourable within 180 days of validation. Later approvals and refusals do not count as timely favourable decisions.
- Do not treat a missing outcome as a failure. A cohort is shown only when at least 80% of its applications can be observed, and each published month must have completed the full 180-day window.
- Calculate monthly points from trailing 12-month cohorts. Rank an individual borough only when it contributes at least 100 observed applications with at least 80% coverage.
Frequently asked questions
Questions about this index
How quickly are London borough planning applications receiving favourable decisions?
In the latest published mature cohort, 12,044 of 17,807 fully observed applications received a favourable recorded decision within 180 days. That produces an index score of 67.6 out of 100.
Is London borough planning certainty improving?
The latest mature score is 67.6, 3.6 points above Feb 2025. This describes the measured change; it does not prove that one policy or market event caused it.
Does the index cover every London planning application?
No. It covers comparable substantive applications that meet the published inclusion and evidence rules. Minor, duplicate or non-comparable records are excluded rather than being allowed to distort the score.
Does a favourable planning decision mean a London project will be built?
No. Planning is only one project hurdle. Finance, construction, sales, leasing and delivery are outside this index and must be tracked separately.
What does Authority expect for London planning in late 2026?
Authority is watching whether the historical improvement persists as the Draft London Plan, affordable-housing policy and the new grant-funding cycle reach borough decisions. This is a directional interpretation, not a probability forecast for the market.
What is the outlook for London planning in 2026?
Planning certainty improved in the latest mature historical cohorts, but 2026 brings a new Draft London Plan, changing affordable-housing policy and a new grant-funding cycle. Authority is watching whether the operational improvement persists as those policy changes reach borough decisions.
What does the London Borough Planning Certainty Index measure?
It measures the percentage of comparable substantive planning applications that received a favourable recorded decision within 180 days of validation. A score of 67 means roughly 67 in every 100 observed applications met that rule.
Does a higher score mean more development was built?
No. The index measures planning decisions, not financing, construction starts or completed buildings. An approved project can still be delayed, redesigned or abandoned.
Why does the index use a trailing 12-month period?
A rolling year reduces the chance that one unusually busy or quiet month dominates the result. It also makes borough comparisons more stable.
How are missing outcomes treated?
They are not counted as failures. A cohort is published only when at least 80% of eligible applications have enough public evidence to score and every case has received the full 180-day observation window.
Can I download the historical data?
Yes. The complete published series is available from the JSON and CSV links in the index facts box. The files include the period, score, case count, favourable count and coverage where available.